F tularensis holarctica droph

F. tularensis may be identified through direct examination of secretions, exudates, or biopsy specimens using Gram stain, direct fluorescent antibody, or immunohistochemical stains. It can be grown from pharyngeal washings, sputum specimens, and even fasting gastric aspirates in a high proportion of patients with inhalational tularemia.

Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis). The majority of human infections are caused by 2 subspecies of F. tularensis; F. tularensis tularensis (type A) and F. tularensis holarctica (type B). Type A is a more virulent serotype for humans, usually occurring in rabbits and rodents in the U.S. and Canada. Originally, F. tularensis strains were identified as belonging to either subsp. tularensis (also known as type A or subspecies nearctica) or subspecies palaearctica (also know as type B or subspecies holarctica) principally on the basis of virulence, citrulline ureidase activity (conversion of l-citrulline to ornithine), and acid production Jul 27, 2018 · A DeltaclpB mutant of Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica strain, FSC200, is a more effective live vaccine than F. tularensis LVS in a mouse respiratory challenge model of tularemia. Francisella tularensis is the etiologic agent of tularemia and a highly virulent category A biothreat agent (1,2).The most widely distributed subspecies is F. tularensis subsp. holarctica, which is found throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere and is the only subspecies found in Europe (). F. tularensis strains isolated in France remain susceptible to antibiotic classes recommended for tularaemia treatment. Because fluoroquinolones display the lowest MIC90, have bactericidal activity and have lower therapeutic failure rates compared with doxycycline, they may be advocated as first-lin … In Europe and Eurasia, F. tularensis subsp holarctica is the primary cause of tularemia. Human tularemia was first described in the United States in 1910 as “deer fly fever,” and the causative agent (at that time known as Bacterium tularense ) was identified after an outbreak of a plaguelike illness of ground squirrels in Tulare County

Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica BD11-00177

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2015-7-2 · 王艳华,彭遥,夏连续.中国土拉弗朗西斯菌holarctica亚种的遗传多样性[J].中华流行病学杂志,2015,36(12):1410-1414 中国土拉弗朗西斯菌holarctica亚种的遗传多样性 Genetic diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in China 收稿日期:2015-07-02 Identification of an Essential Francisella tularensis Francisella tularensis is an endemic zoonotic gram-negative bacterium that is found throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia. There are two main subspecies, F. tularensis subsp. tularensis and F. tularensis subsp. holarctica (also known as type A and type B, respectively), that are responsible for the majority of infections and disease. Another related species (possibly a subspecies ClpB Mutants of Francisella Tularensis Subspecies Francisella tularensis, a highly infectious, intracellular bacterium possesses an atypical type VI secretion system (T6SS), which is essential for the virulence of the bacterium. Recent data suggest that the HSP100 family member, ClpB, is involved in T6SS disassembly in the subspecies Francisella no …